Radarasilikan, Chapter III

[Scott Alexander]

Chapter Three: AÂ’Ŧulel&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp SentencesKerel doroníŧ okirukita ben samasaKerel is tired of waiting for the journeyKerel ādiliník nāra malaćikipi SivinKerel was very surprised when he saw Sivin“Ku samasisilo run sidina?”samiriŧ api“Will I travel with this girl?” he thought to himself?Participles, Gerunds, and Substantives&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Despite HyperboreanÂ’s versatile part-of-speech system, there come times when it is necessary to transfer words from one part of speech to another. These hybrid parts of speech are those known in English as participles (verbs used as adjectives), gerunds (verbs used as nouns) and substantives (adjectives used as nouns).&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Hyperborean forms these three parts of speech by beginning with the full word as normal, postqualifier and everything. It then adds a “t” and finishes with the postqualifier of the new part of speech.&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp For example, in English, the verb journey can be made into the gerund “journeying”, as in the sentence “Journeying with Sivin is not what Kerel expected”. In Hyperborean, the verb “journey”, samasi, would become samasita. It could also be made into an adjective, as in the sentence “The journeying Kerel was afraid”. In English, this is a rather awkward construction, with a form like “Kerel, who was journeying, was afraid.” However, in Hyperborean it is quite natural, and would be written as samasite. &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Substantives are extremely rare in Hyperborean, so much so that no meaningful example can be given without the part-of-speech system making it redundant. If one were to want to use the word “śanére”, beautiful, as a noun, the obvious choice would be “śanéra”, beauty. However, a substantive form would be śanéreta, which would be equivalent to the English form “beautifulness”, and just as unnecessary.SivinKerel sisiniŧ amerada émalaćiŧipo parekapi raserite sarana vanade. Nor malaćite Kerel, pareka raseriŧ “Kerel, dunodite Sivin. Sivin sirekíŧ rākánalo Daven. Sivin sumisis runilo isamasalo aÂ’Kaśan.Kerel āćāćovíŧ. “ku íŧída samasite liyate? ukaréŧiŧida Sivin. udesikiŧida samasita run Sivin. desikiŧida samasita liyate.”sel pareka raseriŧ “unaréŧíŧ ivusena zel Ŧulel. boyāta osoyeval ázusodiŧil étávanaśiŧil sinuxa. las ivusena soyeva ániyokiŧ liyate. Samasilo run Sivin.”Kerel bamadiŧ ćāćove sel duxoniŧ.saran: girlvanad: strange, unknownnor: when, upondunod: showdunodite: presenting, this isrākán: business partner, colleaguesumisis: will go (future of sumis)runilo: run + lo ku: (introduces a question)liyat: one (as an adjective, alone)karéŧ: knowledgenaréŧ: safetyboyāt: twosoyev: personzusod: protectétávanaśiŧ: and can watchsinux: each otherniyok: insanitybamad: stayduxon: consentVerb Tenses&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Hyperborean manages to make do with only three verb tenses, a good deal less than in some other languages. These three are past, present, and future.&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp You will notice that the verbs you have seen so far are of the form vanaśiŧ, watches. The ŧ is the present tense ending. It goes after the qualifier but before any other postqualifiers. The past tense ending is k, and the future tense ending is s.&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp [past]: “Kerel journeyed to Kaśar” Kerel samasik aÂ’Kaśar&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp [present]: “Kerel journeys to Kaśar”: Kerel samasiŧ aÂ’Kaśar&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp [future]: “Kerel will journey to Kaśar”: Kerel samasis aÂ’KaśarNote again that plurals, 1st,2nd , and 3rd person endings, and anything else goes after the tense marker.&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp “I will go to Kaśar”: samasisilo aÂ’Kaśar&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp “We will go to Kaśar”: samasisililo aÂ’KaśarIvusenaKerel é’Sivin liyoniŧ samasapil. íŧípil iśÃ­kara opareka oÂ’Kerel, ékigalal opareka oÂ’Sivin nokariŧ śÃ­kara. Pareka wayemik kigalal ben nowara émusisa. rip íŧípil eÂ’Taras étivusena. nexuŧis iÂ’Ŧulel iboyāte otelemal.nor lekemíŧ, simusiŧipil éníwakite vusena, vuradiŧipil. balaćiŧipil kigalal evurad éđorotiŧil. ikedeŧa otekema, kigalal kigaliŧil. Keren buđatiŧ ébuđatiŧ Sivin. “kigalal kigalikil” Keren raseriŧ. Boyata esumisiŧ émalaćiŧ kalira! Kerel rasériŧ éwanaxiŧ vixivapi. kalira esumisiŧ éboyata đorotiŧil bon.liyon: start+pil: their nokar: pullwayem: breednowar: speedmusis: strengthrip: sooneÂ’Taras: here used as “outside of Taras”nexuŧ: arrivetelem: daysimus: stopníwak: findvuradipil: they construct an igloobalać: bindevurad: here used as “outside the igloo”đorot: sleepkedeŧ: middlekigalil: they bark or howlesumisiŧ: here used as “go outside”kalir: polar bearrasér: shoutwanax: wavevixiv: spear, harpoonbon: again.Hyperborean Geography &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Hyperborea is located in the southernmost tip of the present day country of Greenland, with two outlying colonies on Baffin Island in present day Canada. A few thousand years ago, when Hyperborea flourished, Greenland was about five degrees warmer than it is today, and had the resources to support a reasonably advanced ancient civilization.&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp All of the original cities of Hyperborea were coastal. The influence of the sea kept temperatures reasonably warm on the coast, whereas the center often held a year-round ice sheet. It was only on the fringes of the coast where farming could occur, and the entire coastline was farmed to one degree or another. However, Kadham built his capital city of Thulel at a central location at the foot of Mt. Yaanek in the middle of the country. It being unable to produce its own food, supplies and resources were regularly transported in, primarily from the agriculturally rich area around Kalen and from the nearby city of Taras. Thulel, in return, supplied most of the nationÂ’s precious metals and shared a rich source of ancient amber with Taras.&nbsp &nbsp &nbsp &nbsp Although there were a few small forests on the Kalen peninsula, wood was an extremely scarce commodity in Hyperborea. It was mainly to obtain wood that expeditions were sent to colonize marokaÂ’Volusan, present day Baffin Island, resulting in the foundation of the two small cities of Vanam and Tirag, which carried on a very lucrative lumber trade with the mainland. Tirag and Midhoth were both involved in shipbuilding, and when wood was available for vessels the Hyperboreans could be excellent sailors. At the height of their power, they explored the entire Arctic circle, taking advantage of their high latitude to circumnavigate the globe. The great explorer Namin Ramol reached rināŧakareten, or the North Pole, and planted the flag of Thulel there.