Talk:Shirerothian language: Difference between revisions

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====Consonants====
==Phonology & Orthography==
 
===Consonants===
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|-  
|-  
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|}
|}


====Vowels====
===Vowels===


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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There are five diphthongs: [æj], [æw], [iw], [oj], and [øj]. They are best analyzed phonemically as /Vj/ rather than /Vɪ̯/.
There are five diphthongs: [æj], [æw], [iw], [oj], and [øj]. They are best analyzed phonemically as /Vj/ rather than /Vɪ̯/.
==Nominal Morphology==
The underlying morphophoneme '''''ъ''''' is realized differently according to different stem endings:
* [y] + -ъ => -i
* [w] + -ъ => -u
* [l] + -ъ => -e
* [r] + -ъ => -e
* -ъ''C'' => -a''C''
* otherwise -ъ ==> -
===1st Declension===
Animate and Inanimate Genders. Distinguished by Genitive Singular as '''''-is'''''. If the stem ends in a vowel, the Vocative has the same form as the Nominative and Accusative, and the vowel is dropped in the plural.
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|-
! rowspan=2 |
! colspan=5 | Animate
! rowspan=12 |
! colspan=3 | Inanimate
|-
! Underlying
! "Bread"<br />laib-
! "Shepherd"<br />airdj-
! "child"<br />magw-
! "speech"<br />præta-
! Underlying
! "might"<br />alf-
! "cliff"<br />nasj-
|-
! Vocative
! -e
| laibe
| airdje
| magwe
| rowspan=3 | præta
! rowspan=3 | -ъ
| rowspan=3 | alf
| rowspan=3 | nasi
|-
! Nominative
! rowspan=2 | -ъ
| rowspan=2 | laib
| rowspan=2 | airdi
| rowspan=2 | magu
|-
! Accusative
|-
! Genitive
! -is
| laibis
| airdis
| magwis
| prætais
! -is
| alfis
| nasis
|-
! Dative
! -i
| laibi
| airdi
| magwi
| prætai
! -i
| alfi
| nasi
|-
! colspan=9 | &nbsp;
|-
! Nominative
! rowspan=2 | -ъs
| rowspan=2 | laibas
| rowspan=2 | airdjas
| rowspan=2 | magwas
| rowspan=2 | prætas
! rowspan=2 | -a
| rowspan=2 | alfa
| rowspan=2 | nasja
|-
! Accusative
|-
! Genitive
! -on
| laibon
| airdjon
| magwon
| præton
! -on
| alfon
| nasjon
|-
! Dative
! -ъm
| laibam
| airdim
| magum
| prætam
! -ъm
| alfam
| nasim
|}
===2nd Declension===
Animate Genders only. Distinguished by Genitive Singular as '''''-os'''''.
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|-
! rowspan=2 |
! colspan=4 | Animate
|-
! Underlying
! "mango"<br />gollet-
|-
! Vocative
! rowspan=3 | -ъ
| rowspan=3 | gollet
|-
! Nominative
|-
! Accusative
|-
! Genitive
! -os
| golletos
|-
! Dative
! -u
| golletu
|-
! colspan=3 |
|-
! Nominative
! rowspan=2 | -ъs
| rowspan=2 | golletas
|-
! Accusative
|-
! Genitive
! -on
| golleton
|-
! Dative
! -ъm
| golletam
|}
===3rd Declension===
Animate and Inanimate Genders. Distinguished by Genitive Singular as '''''-in'''''.
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|-
! rowspan=2 |
! colspan=4 | Animate
! rowspan=12 |
! colspan=2 | Inanimate
|-
! Underlying
!
!
!
! Underlying
! "eye"<br />og-
|-
! Vocative
! rowspan=2 | -a
| rowspan=2 |
| rowspan=2 |
| rowspan=2 |
! rowspan=3 | -a
| rowspan=3 | oga
|-
! Nominative
|-
! Accusative
! -ъn
|
|
|
|-
! Genitive
! -in
|
|
|
! -in
| ogin
|-
! Dative
! -i
|
|
|
! -i
| ogin
|-
! colspan=9 |
|-
! Nominative
! rowspan=2 | -ъn
| rowspan=2 |
| rowspan=2 |
| rowspan=2 |
! rowspan=2 | -ъn
| rowspan=2 | ogan
|-
! Accusative
|-
! Genitive
! -on
|
|
|
! -on
| ogon
|-
! Dative
! -ъm
|
|
|
! -ъm
| ogam
|}

Revision as of 05:32, 2 October 2017

Phonology & Orthography

Consonants

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal ⟨ m ⟩
/ m / 		⟨ n ⟩
/ n / 		⟨ ng ⟩
/ ŋ /
Plosive ⟨ p ⟩
/ p / 		⟨ b ⟩
/ b / 		⟨ t ⟩
/ t / 		⟨ d ⟩
/ d / 		⟨ k ⟩
/ k / 		⟨ g ⟩
/ g /
Affricate ⟨ tx ⟩
/ tʃ / 		⟨ dj ⟩
/ dʒ /
Fricative ⟨ f ⟩
/ f / 		⟨ v ⟩
/ v / 		⟨ þ ⟩
/ θ / 		⟨ ð ⟩
/ ð / 		⟨ s ⟩
/ s / 		⟨ z ⟩
/ z / 		⟨ x ⟩
/ ʃ / 		⟨ j ⟩
/ ʒ / 		⟨   ⟩
/ x / 		⟨ h ⟩
/ h /
Approximant ⟨ l ⟩
/ l / 		⟨ ȝ ⟩
/ j / 		⟨   ⟩
/ ʍ / 		⟨ w ⟩
/ w /
Trill ⟨ r ⟩
/ r /
Lateral Fricative ⟨ ɬ ⟩
/ ɬ /

Vowels

Front Back
High ⟨ i ⟩
/ i / 		⟨ ü ⟩
/ y / 		⟨ u ⟩
/ u /
Mid ⟨ e ⟩
/ e / 		⟨ ö ⟩
/ ø / 		⟨ o ⟩
/ o /
Low ⟨ æ ⟩
/ æ / 		⟨ a ⟩
/ ɑ /

[y] and [ø] are allophones of /u/ and /o/, respectively, occurring in complementary distribution with [u] and [o].

There are five diphthongs: [æj], [æw], [iw], [oj], and [øj]. They are best analyzed phonemically as /Vj/ rather than /Vɪ̯/.

Nominal Morphology

The underlying morphophoneme ъ is realized differently according to different stem endings:

  • [y] + -ъ => -i
  • [w] + -ъ => -u
  • [l] + -ъ => -e
  • [r] + -ъ => -e
  • -ъC => -aC
  • otherwise -ъ ==> -

1st Declension

Animate and Inanimate Genders. Distinguished by Genitive Singular as -is. If the stem ends in a vowel, the Vocative has the same form as the Nominative and Accusative, and the vowel is dropped in the plural.

Animate Inanimate
Underlying "Bread"
laib- 		"Shepherd"
airdj- 		"child"
magw- 		"speech"
præta- 		Underlying "might"
alf- 		"cliff"
nasj-
Vocative -e laibe airdje magwe præta -ъ alf nasi
Nominative -ъ laib airdi magu
Accusative
Genitive -is laibis airdis magwis prætais -is alfis nasis
Dative -i laibi airdi magwi prætai -i alfi nasi
 
Nominative -ъs laibas airdjas magwas prætas -a alfa nasja
Accusative
Genitive -on laibon airdjon magwon præton -on alfon nasjon
Dative -ъm laibam airdim magum prætam -ъm alfam nasim

2nd Declension

Animate Genders only. Distinguished by Genitive Singular as -os.

Animate
Underlying "mango"
gollet-
Vocative -ъ gollet
Nominative
Accusative
Genitive -os golletos
Dative -u golletu
Nominative -ъs golletas
Accusative
Genitive -on golleton
Dative -ъm golletam

3rd Declension

Animate and Inanimate Genders. Distinguished by Genitive Singular as -in.

Animate Inanimate
Underlying Underlying "eye"
og-
Vocative -a -a oga
Nominative
Accusative -ъn


Genitive -in -in ogin
Dative -i -i ogin
Nominative -ъn -ъn ogan
Accusative
Genitive -on -on ogon
Dative -ъm -ъm ogam
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